In all of these three publications, costs played a major factor. The current subscription cost for Iskra does not fully cover the cost of publication; subscriptions vary, and in all cases, donations played an integral role. In addition, extra copies were always provided to libraries and other institutions, over and above the number printed for subscribers.

Of course, the distribution of any or all of these did not come close to the circulation of even a small, local paper. The readership was Doukhobor or interested or sympathetic to the Doukhobors, and while presenting a positive, truthful account of Doukhobor activities, of course, could not combat the negative stereotyping from the larger organs.

We have already seen how Bruce Hutchinson stuck by his guns and refused to bend in defending his previous works. One of the most irritating aspects of dealing with the major media was their reluctance to qualify or correct anything that they had printed. A large concern can, or a wealthy individual can threaten to sue, most of the scattered Doukhobors were not organized or effectual enough to create much objection or protest. Letters to the editor were printed because they had to be, but that generally was the extent of any corrections.

In the case of specific errors, there was no redress. I cite one particular example: In 1970, William Popove wrote a chapter on the Doukhobors for the British Columbia Centennial volume; STRANGERS ENTERTAINED - A HISTORY OF THE ETHNIC GROUPS OF BRITISH COLUMBIA. I have read this paper, an intelligent appraisal of the history of the Doukhobors in Russia and their settlement in Canada. When the publication appeared, his entire article had been changed to exhibit a negative portrayal of the people; however, his name still appeared as author. In a letter February 28, 1972, to the editors and publishers; he wrote the following: [One paragraph of a four page letter.] 'The book is purportedly based on accounts prepared by the ethnic groups themselves. Under "Acknowledgements" my name appears as the sole contributor to Chapter Twenty, dealing with the Doukhobors. Taking much exception to many parts of Chapter Twenty, and certainly the unqualified linking of my name to same, without ever an opportunity for some consultation in the pre-publication stage, I cannot but take the view that this constitutes not only a flagrant transgression of the normal courtesies extended in such matters, but is in keeping with the many high-handed statements and judgements concerning the Doukhobor group. At the very least there should have been some clarification in the "Acknowledgements" regarding the misuse of my name and article "The Doukhobor Saga" and particularly so if its contents were found objectionable to the author. I would have preferred my name not appearing in the book in its presently published context.' He did not receive a reply to his letter.

Have conditions improved over the years? Undoubtedly. Our society is now diverse enough that many ethnic groups are putting collective pressure on governments and public institutions such as newspapers to stop expressing bias. The Press Council has revised and updated its code to guide reporters; certain guidelines have always been in place, but their interpretation was lax. In addition, government inquiries on human rights and prejudice have established principles in law. The idea of banning immigration of one group or denying a specific group franchise today would cause a lot of public reaction. In smaller centres, local newspapers are more attuned to local citizens, and certain newspaper have made efforts to honestly reflect its citizenry.

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